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Brain organoids represent a powerful tool for studying human neurological diseases, particularly those that affect brain growth and structure. However, many diseases manifest with clear evidence of physiological and network abnormality in the absence …

Humoral immunity depends on efficient activation of B cells and their subsequent differentiation into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). The transcription factor NFκB cRel is critical for B cell proliferation, but incorporating its known regulatory …

Phenotypic differences often occur even in clonal cell populations. Many potential sources of such variation have been identified, from biophysical rate variance intrinsic to all chemical processes to asymmetric division of molecular components …